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Earthdate 2004-01-05

“Horsey” Vikings II — Acknowledgment, References, and Updates

Thanks to the University of Alabama at Birmingham for their fine Images from History collection.
 
 

References

1 J. R. R. Tolkien, The Return of the King, being the Third Part of The Lord of the Rings, 1965, Second Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston; pp. 411-414.

2 William H. McNeill (Robert A. Millikan Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of History, University of Chicago; author of The Rise of the West and others), “The History of the Eurasian Steppe: … Scythian successes,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

3 “Scythian,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

4 William H. McNeill (Robert A. Millikan Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of History, University of Chicago; author of The Rise of the West and others), “The History of the Eurasian Steppe: … Scythian successes,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

5 Gavin R.G. Hambly (Professor of History, University of Texas at Dallas; coauthor and editor of Central Asia), “Central Asia: … History: … Early western peoples,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

6 Roman Ghirshman (died 1979; Archaeologist. Director General, French Archaeological Delegation to Iran, 1946-67), “Iran: History: … The “phil-Hellenistic” period (c. 171 BC-AD 10): Wars with Rome,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

7 “Goth,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

8 William H. McNeill (Robert A. Millikan Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of History, University of Chicago; author of The Rise of the West and others), “The History of the Eurasian Steppe: … Geography of adjacent regions,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

9 “Ostrogoth,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

10 “Avar,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

11 John L. Teall (died 1979; Professor of History, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, 1968-79; coauthor of Atlas of World History) and Donald MacGillivray Nicol (Koraës Professor Emeritus of Byzantine and Modern Greek History, Language, and Literature, King's College, University of London; Director, Gennadius Library, American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1989-92; author of The Last Centuries of Byzantium and others), “The History of the Byzantine Empire: … The last years of Justinian I,” Encyclopædia Britannica, Britannica CD 1997, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.

12 Dr. Gerhard Seeliger (Professor of Law in the University of Leipsic), Chapter XIX: “Conquests and Imperial Coronation of Charles the Great,” Volume II: The Rise of the Saracens and the Foundation of the Western Empire, edited by H. M. Gwatkin and J. P. Whitney, The Cambridge Medieval History, planned by J. B. Bury, 1913, Cambridge at the University Press; p. 609.
 
 

UPDATE:  2004-01-09 14:00 UT.  Prof. Stephen Bainbridge has linked back to this piece with a note titled “More on the Rohirrim,” calling it, in an e-mail, “Great stuff!”

UPDATE:  2004-01-16 14:15 UT.  Geitner Simmons in his Regions of Mind blog has enthusiastically linked to this ‘Rohirrim’ series of articles, commenting:

On another historical note, Michael McNeil of the blog Impearls has put together a terrific set of posts titled “‘Horsey’ Vikings — exploring origin of the ‘Rohirrim’ in The Lord of the Rings.”  The series looks at Saracens and other assorted horse-riding warriors.  I'm ill-equipped to debate points of arguments that Michael says have arisen over the Rohirrim.  The link, by the way, goes [to] a post that features exquisite graphics to complement Michael's text.



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