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Impearls: HIC 4.17: Conclusion

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Earthdate 2005-11-12

Conclusion   by A. L. Kroeber

In addition to the many sorts of baskets and a considerable number of dance paraphernalia, nearly 100 different kinds of implements of Yurok manufacture have been preserved in museums.  Adding those which went out of use before they could be collected, it is safe to say that the group made at least 150, and perhaps 200, distinct types of utensils.  This is evidence of a fairly rich civilization.
 

Here ends the description of the Yurok.  The next account will be of the Karok, a group so similar to the Yurok in everything but speech that their separate consideration will scarcely be necessary except as their life is conditioned by their geography; and of two smaller peoples, the Wiyot and Chimariko.  Next in order are the Californian members of the great Athabascan family, in some ten divisions.  The nearest of these, the Tolowa and Hupa, partake wholly of the Yurok type of civilization.  From them southward a transition can be followed, from group to group, until with the Wailaki, and especially the ultimate Kato, another culture, that of north-central California, is wholly entered.  The Yuki and Pomo and a branch of the Miwok come next in sequence along the coast as far as the Bay of San Francisco.  Here the review leaps northward again to the Shasta, neighbors, through the Karok, to the Yurok, and participants in their civilization, although in modified and often diminished state.  Beyond the Shasta the central Californian type of culture predominates once more.  Some considerable traces of the northwestern civilization are still discernible among the Modoc, the Achomawi, the northerly Wintun, and even certain of the Maidu, but they become fainter and finally fade out.

The relations, intrinsic and distributional, of the northwestern culture to the others in California can thus be set forth with some distinctness.  The bonds that link it northward with the cultures of Oregon can not yet be adequately portrayed, intimate as they appear to be.  In comparisons in this direction lies the chief avenue to a broader understanding of this peculiar civilization.



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